Galli 2016 Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
Galli GL, Crossley J, Elsey RM, Dzialowski EM, Shiels HA, Crossley DA 2nd (2016) Developmental plasticity of mitochondrial function in American alligators, Alligator mississippiensis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 311:R1164-72. |
Galli GL, Crossley J, Elsey RM, Dzialowski EM, Shiels HA, Crossley DA 2nd (2016) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
Abstract: The effect of hypoxia on cellular metabolism is well-documented in adult vertebrates but information is entirely lacking for embryonic organisms. The effect of hypoxia on embryonic physiology is particularly interesting, as metabolic responses during development may have life-long consequences, due to developmental plasticity. To this end, we investigated the effects of chronic developmental hypoxia on cardiac mitochondrial function in embryonic and juvenile American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). Alligator eggs were incubated in 21% or 10% oxygen from 20-90% of embryonic development. Embryos were either harvested at 90% development or allowed to hatch and then reared in 21% oxygen for 3 years. Ventricular mitochondria were isolated from embryonic/juvenile alligator hearts. Mitochondrial respiration and enzymatic activities of electron transport chain Complexes were measured with a microrespirometer and spectrophotometer, respectively. Developmental hypoxia induced growth restriction and increased relative heart mass, and this phenotype persisted into juvenile life. Embryonic mitochondrial function was not affected by developmental hypoxia, but at the juvenile life stage, animals from hypoxic incubations had lower levels of LEAK respiration and higher respiratory control ratios, which is indicative of enhanced mitochondrial efficiency. Our results suggest developmental hypoxia can have life-long consequences for alligator morphology and metabolic function. Further investigations are necessary to reveal the adaptive significance of the enhanced mitochondrial efficiency in the hypoxic phenotype.
Copyright Β© 2016, American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. β’ Keywords: Developmental programming, Heart, Hypoxia, Mitochondria, Reptile
β’ O2k-Network Lab: UK Manchester Galli GL, US TX Denton Dzialowski EM, CA Vancouver Richards JG
Labels: MiParea: Respiration, Comparative MiP;environmental MiP, Developmental biology
Stress:Oxidative stress;RONS Organism: Reptiles Tissue;cell: Heart Preparation: Isolated mitochondria
Coupling state: LEAK, OXPHOS, ET
Pathway: N, S, CIV, Other combinations, ROX
HRR: Oxygraph-2k
2016-10