Phielix 2012 Diabetes

Phielix E, Meex R, Ouwens DM, Sparks L, Hoeks J, Schaart G, Moonen-Kornips E, Hesselink MK, Schrauwen P (2012) High oxidative capacity due to chronic exercise training attenuates lipid-induced insulin resistance. Diabetes 61: 2472-2478

» PMID: 22787138

Phielix E, Meex R, Ouwens DM, Sparks L, Hoeks J, Schaart G, Moonen-Kornips E, Hesselink MK, Schrauwen P (2012) Diabetes

Abstract: Fat accumulation in skeletal muscle combined with low mitochondrial oxidative capacity is associated with insulin resistance (IR). Endurance-trained athletes, characterized by a high oxidative capacity, have elevated intramyocellular lipids, yet are highly insulin sensitive. We tested the hypothesis that a high oxidative capacity could attenuate lipid-induced IR. Nine endurance-trained (age = 23.4 ± 0.9 years; BMI = 21.2 ± 0.6 kg/m(2)) and 10 untrained subjects (age = 21.9 ± 0.9 years; BMI = 22.8 ± 0.6 kg/m(2)) were included and underwent a clamp with either infusion of glycerol or intralipid. Muscle biopsies were taken to perform high-resolution respirometry and protein phosphorylation/expression. Trained subjects had ∼32% higher mitochondrial capacity and ∼22% higher insulin sensitivity (P < 0.05 for both). Lipid infusion reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by 63% in untrained subjects (P < 0.05), whereas this effect was blunted in trained subjects (29%, P < 0.05). In untrained subjects, lipid infusion reduced oxidative and nonoxidative glucose disposal (NOGD), whereas trained subjects were completely protected against lipid-induced reduction in NOGD, supported by dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase. We conclude that chronic exercise training attenuates lipid-induced IR and specifically attenuates the lipid-induced reduction in NOGD. Signaling data support the notion that high glucose uptake in trained subjects is maintained by shuttling glucose toward storage as glycogen. • Keywords: Lipid-induced insulin resistance (IR), nonoxidative glucose disposal (NOGD), exercise training, glucose

• O2k-Network Lab: NL Maastricht Schrauwen P, DE Duesseldorf Roden M

Labels: Pathology: Diabetes  Stress:Mitochondrial Disease; Degenerative Disease and Defect"Mitochondrial Disease; Degenerative Disease and Defect" is not in the list (Cell death, Cryopreservation, Ischemia-reperfusion, Permeability transition, Oxidative stress;RONS, Temperature, Hypoxia, Mitochondrial disease) of allowed values for the "Stress" property.  Organism: Human  Tissue;cell: Skeletal muscle  Preparation: Permeabilized tissue 

Regulation: Aerobic and Anaerobic Metabolism"Aerobic and Anaerobic Metabolism" is not in the list (Aerobic glycolysis, ADP, ATP, ATP production, AMP, Calcium, Coupling efficiency;uncoupling, Cyt c, Flux control, Inhibitor, ...) of allowed values for the "Respiration and regulation" property., Substrate; Glucose; TCA Cycle"Substrate; Glucose; TCA Cycle" is not in the list (Aerobic glycolysis, ADP, ATP, ATP production, AMP, Calcium, Coupling efficiency;uncoupling, Cyt c, Flux control, Inhibitor, ...) of allowed values for the "Respiration and regulation" property.  Coupling state: OXPHOS 

HRR: Oxygraph-2k