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...h a smaller compartment A₁ in thermal equilibrium with a larger compartment A₂ which is the heat reservoir at temperature ''T''. When A<sub>

...Ks for different organelles. Consistently, in both yeast and plants, three compartment-specific NADKs have been identified. In contrast, even though the first hum

...ce compartment A, (2) the sink compartment B, and (3) the internal barrier compartment with thickness ''l''. In a two-compartmental description, a system boundary

...he left-hand compartment and on the other side with that of the right-hand compartment. .. a pressure difference Δ''P'' may be imposed across the membrane and vo

...molecules can restore the morphological changes in the outer mitochondrial compartment that on one of the processes occurring in the mitochondrial outer compartment and for which the native

...nately, in our observations, curcumin do not localize at the mitochondrial compartment. ...response and calcium release which in turn destabilizes the mitochondrial compartment to induce apoptosis. These events are also associated with secondarily lyso

...energy of translocated protons from low pH in the positive to the negative compartment ([[BEC 2020.1]]).]] ...energy of translocated protons from low pH in the positive to the negative compartment (from [[Gnaiger 2020 BEC MitoPathways]]).

...cation equilibrating between the negative (matrix) and positive (external) compartment. Motion is relative and not absolute (Principle of Galilean Relativity); li ...ub> is positive when H⁺_''b'' moves into the cathodic compartment (''ν''_H⁺''b'' = 1) and H⁺_''a''

...we show in pig hearts that the isolated impairment of the interfibrillary compartment can be fully re-activated upon treatment with hyperbaric oxygen. ...ocytes. Such alterations make proper myofibril contraction in the silenced compartment unlikely. Silenced mitochondria can be re-activated on demand. Only long-la

...rent K(m) for ADP being equal to 114.8 ± 13.6 μM. Our data support the two-compartment hypothesis of tumor metabolism, the high sum of FCC(s) showing structural a ...ords=Cancer, Cardiomyocytes, Regulation of respiration, Mitochondria, Two-compartment metabolism, Metabolic control analysis

...relevant studies investigating how glutamine metabolism modulates the CSC compartment, concentrating on solid tumors. We schematically describe how glutamine in

...ervention. Mitochondria have recently been viewed as an important cellular compartment that fuels the metabolic demands of cancer cells. Mitochondria are the majo

diminution of the mitochondrial cell compartment, this decline-provided it does not

...llaries through which goat blood is pumped at a flow of 9 mL/min. The cell compartment contains 90 x 10(6) rat hepatocytes (volume 10 mL) and an internal oxygenat

...ro. Using similar compounds labeled with positron emitters and appropriate compartment modeling, this technique now allows in vivo quantification of ΔΨT with po

...= PTD + MLS). Alexa488-labeled MTD–TFAM rapidly entered the mitochondrial compartment of cybrid cells carrying the G11778A LHON mutation. ''MTD–TFAM'' reversib

...sting that cells can control the dynamics of biochemical reactions in this compartment by modifying its nanostructure.

...cells to the brown-type fate. p107 is strictly expressed in the stem cell compartment of white adipose tissue depots and completely absent in brown adipose tissu

...ondrial intermembrane space), reasoning that the scavenging of ROS in that compartment should abrogate cellular responses triggered by the release of mitochondria

...es), it is proposed that inhibi- tion occurs when oxidation of DPN in the compartment available to malate causes oxaloacetate formation sufficient to inhibit suc

...ntioxidative effectiveness of catalase when expressed in the mitochondrial compartment is dependent upon the oxidant and the locus of ROS production.

...tion, most likely due to the high number of exposed thiols present in that compartment. Recent advances in the development of redox probes allow specific measurem

...that hypoxia causes a decrease in nonspecific ROS generation in the matrix compartment, whereas it increases regulated ROS production in the IMS, which diffuses t

...ial matrix and appear well-suited for the estimation of pCa and pH in this compartment. The mitochondria esterase activity is stimulated by Ca2+, inhibited by but

...taining a mitochondrial targeting presequence into the mitochondrial inner compartment. Whole exome sequencing (WES) identified compound heterozygous pathogenic m

...endent distribution between the external medium and the intramitochondrial compartment and on its stacking to inner mitochondrial membrane anionic sites. The asso

...onstrated that Alexa488-labeled MTD-TFAM rapidly entered the mitochondrial compartment. MTD-TFAM treatment of these cell lines reversibly increased oxygen consump

...tase activity as the “intrinsic” indicator of ROS generation in the matrix compartment. Stimulation by acyl-CoA of ROS generation was higher in “light” mitoch

...nels (VDACs): a brief introduction with a focus on the outer mitochondrial compartment's roles together with hexokinase-2 in the "Warburg effect" in cancer. J Bio

...ntact during Cr-exposure, as determined from neutral red retention in this compartment. Another significant source of ROS appear to be the mitochondria, where a p

...de a novel link between SIRT2 and physiological aging impacting the axonal compartment of the central nervous system, while supporting a major role for SIRT2 in o

...escent pH probes used: the fluorescence of DMCF increased as if the matrix compartment became more alkaline, the fluorescence of BCECF, measured in single excitat

...social competition, suggesting that, under basal conditions, the neuronal compartment is predominant for social dominance exertion.

...tes), and Jikei (Japan)] with use of reference body-composition methods [4-compartment model (4C) at 2 laboratories and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at

...scription and translation are markedly depressed in the nucleo-cytoplasmic compartment and within the mitochondrion, and these represent two events in a suite of

...esterol and glycosphingolipid accumulation in the late endosomal/lysosomal compartment. Complications in the storage of cholesterol in ''NPC1'' mutant cells are a

...most 90% of malic enzyme activity is located within the extramitochondrial compartment, and only approximately 10% in the mitochondrial fraction. Extramitochondri

...ia. The biosynthesis of cardiolipins is facilitated in a multi-step, multi-compartment manner, initiated from phosphatidic acid in the endoplasmic reticulum and f

...iffusion (spontaneous from a high-potential compartment to a low-potential compartment), the advancement is the amount of motive substance that has undergone a co

...hypothesized to result in exhaustion of the ATP supply in the distal nerve compartment and induction of nerve fiber dissolution. The role of mitochondrial dysfunc

...opposed to cellular entry of nitrosative reactants from the extracellular compartment. Using this method we found that in RAW 264.7 cells RSNO formation occurs o

...l kinetic conditions for ATP-splitting reactions in the extramitochondrial compartment.

...to turbulent flow) with a jet effect directed into the mixed experimental compartment. Our experimental evidence does not show any delay of mixing after retrieva

...trants for BLM. They generated transmembrane diffusion potential (ΔΨ), the compartment with a lower dication concentration positive. However, the ΔΨ values meas

...types of mitochondria within clinical HBC samples, possibly linked to two-compartment metabolism. Taken together, our data show that mitochondrial respiration an

...inless steel mesh is used to maintain the sample separate from the stirrer compartment, without interfering with gentle mixing of the aqueous solution between the

...o exert their function, intrabodies have to be directed to the subcellular compartment where the antigen is located. Thus, unlike other knock-down approaches, int

...e, or vectorial direction from a compartment on one side (left) to another compartment on the other side (right). — ''Driver: "Should I turn left?" - Co-driver:

...lacking the cytoplasmic CuZnSOD, the MnSOD is nonetheless essential in its compartment. The fast loss of viability of CuZnSOD null mutants under normal but not lo

...associated to the plasma membrane whereas MCO3 filled the entire apoplast compartment. Although the four knock out mutant lines isolated (mco1-1, mco1-2, mco3-1,

...rrelated with a larger co-localization of myoglobin with the mitochondrial compartment. Differences in the structure of the mitochondrial network as well as in th

...arged and deformed shape after EMFs exposure. Raman spectra of the nuclear compartment of cells exposed to EMFs revealed the onset of biochemical modifications, m

...ion of mitochondria spontaneously depolarize and enter an acidic lysosomal compartment, suggesting that the mtPT precedes the normal process of mitochondrial auto

| proton in the neg compartment || [[Protonmotive force]] || H⁺_neg || [x] || Fig. 4 | proton in the pos compartment || [[proton in the positive compartment]] || H⁺_pos || [x] || Fig. 4

...NAD⁺ and NADPH/NADP⁺ monitoring in any distinct cell compartment.

...idative phosphorylation. We also evidenced malfunction of the mitochondria compartment with increased ROS production and depolarization in PMD patient's fibroblas

...for therapeutic intervention. Mitochondria represent an important cellular compartment and selectively targeting mitochondrial bioenergetics may be an effective t

...extrusion of this noxious oxygen free radical from the mitochondrial inner compartment to the intermembrane space and further on to the cytosol.

...J (2013) Quantification of multimolecular complexes and supercomplexes in compartment-selective membrane microdomains. Methods in Cell Biology 117:411-31.

...eek of surgery, as compared to the E2 and SH operated groups. Visceral fat compartment was greater in the OVX than in the SH and E2 groups at 3 W and 8 W. We foun

...itogen‐activated protein kinase scaffold mp1 on a late endosomal/lysosomal compartment. J Cell Biol 152:765‐76.

compartment specific organization of mitochondria in muscle cells. Finally MCA revealed

...es the direction from the negative compartment (mt-matrix) to the positive compartment across the mtIM.

...eek of surgery, as compared to the E2 and SH operated groups. Visceral fat compartment was greater in the OVX than in the SH and E2 groups at 3 W and 8 W. We foun

...se mobilizes tissue-residing immune cell sub-types in the peripheral blood compartment especially, highly differentiated proinflammatory T-cells. However, the im

==== The four compartment model ==== ...uptake and binding of lipophilic cations. J Membr Biol 81:127-38.</ref> 4 compartment model, developed for isolated mitochondria. As shown in the mathematical ap

...y in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and highlight the subcellular compartment, called MAM – mitochondria associated ER membranes - as an important cell

...might allow cells to control the dynamics of biochemical reactions in this compartment by modifying its nanostructure. During both normal and pathological conditi

...-d 1.png|The isomorphic force of vectorial diffusion from compartment A to compartment B of equal volumes, separated by a semipermeable membrane, is the derivate

Two subpopulations of mitochondria in HBC (Fig 2B) confirm the theory of two-compartment metabolism (“reversed Warburg”) proposed by several groups of cancer re

|The four compartment model - the effect of parameters on calculated mt-membrane potential. [http

...rce, that is maintained between the mitochondrial matrix and intermembrane compartment or outer mitochondrial space. Compartmental coupling distinguishes this vec ...roton flux from the matrix space to the positively (pos) charged vesicular compartment, divided by catabolic O₂ flux in the NADH-pathway. The H<sup>+</

...nical ensemble with compartment A2 (heat bath) in thermal equilibrium with compartment A1.]] ...gy, mix-up of context, thinking Beer but talking Bottle, confusing system, compartment, ensemble, sample, and object. This is taken to the extreme when the object