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Publicly deposited protocols + (Researchers need to be introduced into adh … Researchers need to be introduced into adhering to '''publicly deposited protocols'''. [[Prespecified protocols |Prespecified]] and [[time-stamped protocols]] that are publicly deposited may help to save Millions of Euros that may otherwise be wasted on research that is lacking coherent standards.search that is lacking coherent standards.)
Oxygen flow + (Respiratory '''oxygen flow''' is the oxyge … Respiratory '''oxygen flow''' is the oxygen consumption per total [[system]], which is an [[extensive quantity]]. [[Flow]] is advancement of a transformation in a system per time [mol·s-1], when 'system' is defined as the experimental system (e.g. an open or closed chamber). Flow is distinguished from the size-specific quantity [[flux]] obtained by normalization of flow per volume of the experimental system [mol·s-1·m-3]. An experimental object, e.g. a living cell, may be considered as the 'experimental system'. Then oxygen flow per cell has the unit [mol·s-1·x-1], where [x] is the [[elementary unit]] for a [[count]]. Oxygen flow or respiration per cell [amol·s-1·x-1] = [pmol·s-1·Mx-1] is normalized for the cell count, distinguished from [[oxygen flux]] (e.g. per mg protein or wet mass). These are different forms of [[normalization of rate]].zation of rate]].)
Reverse electron flow from CII to CI + (Reverse electron flow from CII to CI stimu … Reverse electron flow from CII to CI stimulates production of [[ROS]] when mitochondria are incubated with succinate without rotenone in the LEAK state at a high [[mt-membrane potential]]. Depolarisation of the mt-membrane potential (''e.g.'' after ADP addition to stimulate OXPHOS) leads to inhibition of RET and therefore, decrease of RET-initiated ROS production. RET can be also measured when mitochondria are respiring using [[Glycerophosphate |Gp]] without rotenone in the [[LEAK respiration|LEAK]] state. Addition of IQ-side inhibitors (ubiquinone-binding side of CI) of [[Complex I |CI]] usually block RET. The following SUIT protocols allow you to measure RET-initiated H2O2 flux in [[mitochondrial preparations]]: [[SUIT-009]] and [[SUIT-026]].[[SUIT-026]].)
Rhodamine 123 + (Rhodamine 123 (Rh123) is an [[extrinsic fluorophores|extrinsic fluorophore]] … Rhodamine 123 (Rh123) is an [[extrinsic fluorophores|extrinsic fluorophore]] and can be used as a probe to determine changes in [[Mitochondrial_membrane_potential|mitochondrial membrane potential]]. Rh123 is a lipophilic cation that is accumulated by mitochondria in proportion to Δ''ψ''mt. Using ethanol as the solvent, the excitation maximum is 511 nm and the emission maximum is 534 nm. The recommended excitation and emission wavelengths in PBS are 488 and 515-575 nm, respectively (Sigma-Aldrich). are 488 and 515-575 nm, respectively (Sigma-Aldrich).)
Bioblasts + (Richard Altmann (1894) defined the 'elemen … Richard Altmann (1894) defined the 'elementary organisms' as '''Bioblasts'''. He observed granula in cells stained with osmium and viewed ‘the protoplasm as a colony of bioblasts’. "Microorganisms and granula are at an equivalent level and represent elementary organisms, which are found wherever living forces are acting, thus we want to describe them by the common term bioblasts. In the bioblast, that morphological unit of living matter appears to be found." [[Altmann 1894 Verlag Von Veit & Comp|Altmann 1894]]; p. 141. Altmann is thus considered as the discoverer of [[mitochondria]] (the granula), which constitute together with the microorganisms the ''bioblasts'' (the elementary organisms). Bioblasts are the aliens with permanent residence in our cells ([[Bioblasts#Bioblasts_.E2.80.93_the_aliens_with_permanent_residence_in_our_cells|Gnaiger 2010]]).oblasts#Bioblasts_.E2.80.93_the_aliens_with_permanent_residence_in_our_cells|Gnaiger 2010]]).)
Save - DatLab + (Save a DatLab file.)
Save as - DatLab + (Save as a DatLab file.)
Zenodo + (Science Europe: "Zenodo is an open source … Science Europe: "Zenodo is an open source and free repository for storing data, code, materials, and any research artefact. It was created by CERN and launched within the frame of the OpenAIRE project, commissioned by the European Commission. It aims at fostering free and easy access to scientific results, scientific data, software, and publications to all researchers."are, and publications to all researchers.")
ASAPbio + (Science only progresses as quickly and eff … Science only progresses as quickly and efficiently as it is shared. But even with all of the technological capabilities available today, the process of publishing scientific work is taking longer than ever. '''ASAPbio''' (Accelerating Science and Publication in biology) is a scientist-driven nonprofit working to address this problem by promoting innovation and transparency in life sciences communication.In 2015, ASAPbio founder Ron Vale published an analysis of the increasing time to first-author publication among graduate students at UCSF, and proposed a more widespread use of preprints in the life sciences as a potential solution.the life sciences as a potential solution.)
Substrate control state + (See '''[[Electron-transfer-pathway state]]''')
ET-pathway substrate types + (See '''[[Electron-transfer-pathway state]]''')
Physiological pathway-control state + (See [[Electron-transfer-pathway state]].)
Fluorescent marker + (See [[Extrinsic fluorophores]])
Delete points + (Select '''Delete points''' in the [[Marks - DatLab |Mark information]] window to remove all data points in the marked section of the active plot. See also [[Interpolate points]] and [[Restore points]] or [[Recalculate slope]].)
Interpolate points + (Select '''Interpolate points''' in the [[Marks - DatLab |Mark information]] window to interpolate all data points in the marked section of the active graph. See also [[Delete points]] and [[Restore points]] or [[Recalculate slope]].)
Mouse control: Zoom + (Select '''Mouse Control: Zoom''' in the Graph-menu or press [Ctrl+Z].)
Recalculate slope + (Select '''Recalculate slope''' (Recalc. sl … Select '''Recalculate slope''' (Recalc. slope) in the [[Marks - DatLab |Mark information]] window to restore data points in the marked section of the active Flux / Slope plot, if [[Delete points]] or [[Interpolate points]] was used before. The entire plot is recalculated, such that other marked sections which may have been deleted are also restored. Compare [[Restore points]].[[Restore points]].)
Restore points + (Select '''Restore points''' in the [[Marks - DatLab |Mark information]] window to restore data points in the marked section of the active signal plot, if [[Delete points]] or [[Interpolate points]] was used before. Compare [[Recalculate slope]].)
Manage setups and templates - DatLab + (Setups and templates in DatLab can be renamed or deleted under '''Manage setups''' or '''Manage templates'''.)
Graph options - DatLab + (Several display options can be applied to a DatLab graph under '''Graph options'''.)
Comma for separating a term and its abbreviation + (Should we used a '''comma for separating a … Should we used a '''comma for separating a term and its abbreviation''' in the text? The SI Brochure frequently does not use a comma. The comma might be added, if it helps to clarify the distinction between the term and its abbreviation. The example “reduced Q fraction, ''Q''r” – the sequence of Q and ''Q''r may be confusing without comma. There will always be examples, where it is not clear, if a comma is needed.l always be examples, where it is not clear, if a comma is needed.)
Multicomponent analysis + (Similarly to the [[least squares method]] … Similarly to the [[least squares method]], '''multicomponent analysis''' makes use of all of the data points of the spectrum in order to analyse the concentration of the component parts of a measured spectrum. To do this, two or more reference spectra are combined using iterative statistical techniques in order to achieve the best fit with the measured spectrum.e the best fit with the measured spectrum.)
Holode + (Small entetic units are counted into the reference system on a balance opposite to the experimental system with the large sample, which in balance contains as many abstract units as the count of entetic units in the reference system.)
Sodium phosphate buffer + (Sodium phosphate buffer, '''Na-PB''', for [[HRR]] with freeze-dried baker´s yeast.)
Spline + (Some [[spectrofluorometer]] … Some [[spectrofluorometer]] or [[spectrophotometer]] software offers the possibility of '''spline''' interpolation of the spectral data points. This makes use of a polynomial (the number of '''spline''' points is entered by the user) to interpolate the curve between the data points.rpolate the curve between the data points.)

(Some [[spectrofluorometer]] or [[spectrophotometer]] software offers the)

Mitochondrial density + (Specific '''mitochondrial density''' is '' … Specific '''mitochondrial density''' is ''DmtE'' = ''mtE''·''mX''-1 [mtEU·kg-1]. If the amount of mitochondria, ''mtE'', is expressed as mitochondrial mass, then ''DmtE'' is the mass fraction of mitochondria in the sample. If ''mtE'' is expressed as mitochondrial volume, ''V''mt, and the mass of sample, ''mX'', is replaced by volume of sample, ''VX'', then ''DmtE'' is the volume fraction of mitochondria in the sample.eplaced by volume of sample, ''VX'', then ''DmtE'' is the volume fraction of mitochondria in the sample.)
Resolution + (Spectral resolution is a measure of the ab … Spectral resolution is a measure of the ability of an instrument to differentiate between two adjacent wavelengths. Two wavelengths are normally considered to be resolved if the minimum detector output signal (trough) between the two peaks is lower than 80 % of the maximum. The resolution of a [[spectrofluorometer]] or [[spectrophotometer]] is dependent on its [[bandwidth]].[[bandwidth]].)
Stop measurement + (Stop data acquisition. The [[DatLab data file]] will be saved automatically.)
Custom-made stoppers + (Stoppers can be custom-made for applications with user-specific sensors according to customer specifications.)
Tartronic acid + (Tartronic acid (hydroxymalonic acid, C3H4O5; molecular weight 120.06) is an inhibitor of [[malic enzyme]].)
Taurine + (Taurine, or 2-Aminoethan sulfonic acid, is … Taurine, or 2-Aminoethan sulfonic acid, is one of the most abundant low-molecular-weight organic constituents in animals and humans. It has a multitude of functions in different types of tissue, one of which is the stabilization of membranes. Because of this and its antioxidative effect, taurine is a component of the respiration media MiR05 and MiR06 to preserve mitochondrial function. MiR06 to preserve mitochondrial function.)
Chinese Society of Mitochondrial Research and Medicine + (The '''Chinese Society of Mitochondrial Research and Medicine''' (Chinese-Mit) is a member of [[Asian Society for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine|ASMRM]].)
Crabtree effect + (The '''Crabtree effect''' describes the ob … The '''Crabtree effect''' describes the observation that respiration is frequently inhibited when high concentrations of glucose or fructose are added to the culture medium - a phenomenon observed in numerous cell types, particularly in proliferating cells, not only tumor cells but also bacteria and yeast. The Pasteur effect (suppression of glycolysis by oxygen) is the converse of the Crabtree effect (suppression of respiration by high concentration of glucose or fructose).igh concentration of glucose or fructose).)
Default label + (The '''Default label''' is the system default value for the axis label. These labels are changed automatically, according to the selected channel and unit. To change this label enter a [[Custom label]].)
Directory of Open Access Journals + (The '''Directory of Open Access Journals''' is a free online directory that indexes and provides access to open access peer-reviewed journals.)
Exclusion criteria + (The '''Exclusion criteria''' include factors or characteristics that make the recruited population ineligible for the outcome parameter. With the [[Inclusion criteria]], this factor must be a cofounder for the outcome parameter)
Faraday constant + (The '''Faraday constant''' ''F'' links the … The '''Faraday constant''' ''F'' links the electric charge [C] to amount [mol], and thus relates the [[electrical format]] ''e'' [C] to the [[molar format]] ''n'' [mol]. The Farady constant, ''F'' = ''e''·''N''A = 96 485.33 C/mol, is the product of [[elementary charge]], ''e'' = 1.602176634∙10-19 C/x, and the [[Avogadro constant]], ''N''A = 6.02214076∙1023 x/mol. The dimensionless unit [x] is not explicitely considered by IUPAC.= 6.02214076∙1023 x/mol. The dimensionless unit [x] is not explicitely considered by IUPAC.)
Inclusion criteria + (The '''Inclusion criteria''' are based on … The '''Inclusion criteria''' are based on key features of the target population that the researchers will use to answer their question. These criteria should identify the study population in a consistent, reliable, uniform, and objective manner. With the [[Exclusion criteria]], this factor must be a cofounder for the outcome parametert be a cofounder for the outcome parameter)
International Standard Serial Number + (The '''International Standard Serial Numbe … The '''International Standard Serial Number''', ISSN, is a code used to identify periodical publications, independent of which media are used (print and/or electronic). - [[Bioenergetics Communications]], BEC: [https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2791-4690 ISSN 2791-4690]rg/resource/ISSN/2791-4690 ISSN 2791-4690])
International System of Units + (The '''International System of Units''' (S … The '''International System of Units''' (SI) is the modern form of the metric system of [[unit]]s for use in all aspects of life, including international trade, manufacturing, security, health and safety, protection of the environment, and in the basic science that underpins all of these. The system of quantities underlying the SI and the equations relating them are based on the present description of nature and are familiar to all scientists, technologists and engineers. The definition of the SI units is established in terms of a set of seven defining constants. The complete system of units can be derived from the fixed values of these defining constants, expressed in the units of the SI. These seven defining constants are the most fundamental feature of the definition of the entire system of units. These particular constants were chosen after having been identified as being the best choice, taking into account the previous definition of the SI, which was based on seven base units, and progress in science (p. 125).e units, and progress in science (p. 125).)
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, IUPAC + (The '''International Union of Pure and App … The '''International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry''' (IUPAC) celebrated in 2019 the 100th anniversary, which coincided with the [https://iupac.org/united-nations-proclaims-international-year-periodic-table-chemical-elements/ International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements (IYPT 2019)]. IUPAC {''Quote''} notes that marking Mendeleev's achievement will show how the periodic table is central to connecting cultural, economic, and political dimensions of global society “through a common language” {''end of Quote''} (Horton 2019). 2019 is proclaimed as the [https://iupac.org/united-nations-proclaims-international-year-periodic-table-chemical-elements/ International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements (IYPT 2019)]. For a '''common language''' in mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics, the IUPAC ''Green book'' (Cohen et al 2008) is a most valuable resource, which unfortunately is largely neglected in bioenergetics textbooks. Integration of [[ergodynamics |open systems and non-equilibrium thermodynamic]] approaches remains a challenge for developing a common language (Gnaiger 1993; [[BEC 2020.1]]).C 2020.1]]).)
Korean Society of Mitochondrial Research and Medicine + (The '''Korean Society of Mitochondrial Research and Medicine''' (KSMRM) is a member of [[Asian Society for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine|ASMRM]].)
MitoFit DOI Data Center + (The '''MitoFit DOI Data Center''' is respo … The '''MitoFit DOI Data Center''' is responsible for the provision of digital identifiers, for the storage and ensuring the persistence of the scientific objects, the provision of access, review process and maintenance of the Metadata, and quality control.ance of the Metadata, and quality control.)
Mitochondrial Physiology Network + (The '''Mitochondrial Physiology Network''' is the on-line Oroboros journal.)
N/NS pathway control ratio + (The '''N/NS [[pathway control ratio]] … The '''N/NS [[pathway control ratio]]''' is obtained when succinate is added to N-linked respiration in a defined coupling state. N and NS are abbreviations for respiration in the [[N-pathway control state]] (with pyruvate, glutamate, malate, or other ETS competent N-linked substrate combinations) and the [[NS-pathway control state]] (N in combination with succinate). NS indicates respiration with a cocktail of substrates supporting the N- and S-pathways.bstrates supporting the N- and S-pathways.)
N/S pathway control ratio + (The '''N/S [[pathway control ratio]] … The '''N/S [[pathway control ratio]]''' is obtained from SUIT protocols when the [[N-pathway control state |N-pathway flux]] and [[S-pathway control state |S-pathway flux]] are measured in the same [[coupling control state]]. The N/S pathway control ratio may be larger or smaller than 1.0, depending on the mitochondrial source and various mitochondrial injuries. The S-pathway control state may be selected preferentially as reference state, if mitochondria are studied with respect to N-pathway injuries.tudied with respect to N-pathway injuries.)
NS-N pathway control efficiency + (The '''NS-N [[pathway control efficiency]]''', ''j''NS-N = 1-N/NS, expresses the fractional change of flux when succinate is added to the [[N-pathway control state]] in a defined [[coupling-control state]].)
NS-S pathway control efficiency + (The '''NS-S pathway control efficiency''' … The '''NS-S pathway control efficiency''' expresses the relative stimulation of succinate supported respiration (S) by NADH-linked substrates (N), with the [[S-pathway control state]] as the [[background state]] and the [[NS-pathway control state]] as the [[reference state]]. In typical [[SUIT protocol]]s with [[Electron-transfer-pathway state |type N and S substrates]], flux in the [[NS-pathway control state]] NS is inhibited by [[rotenone]] to measure flux in the [[S-pathway control state]], S(Rot) or S. Then the NS-S pathway control efficiency in the ET-coupling state is ''j''(NS-S)''E'' = (NS''E''-S''E'')/NS''E''The NS-S pathway control efficiency expresses the fractional change of flux in a defined [[coupling-control state]] when inhibition by [[rotenone]] is removed from flux under S-pathway control in the presence of a type N substrate combination. Experimentally rotenone Rot is added to the NS-state. The reversed protocol, adding N-substrates to a S-pathway control background does not provide a valid estimation of S-respiration with succinate in the absence of Rot, since [[oxaloacetate]] accumulates as a potent inhibitor of [[succinate dehydrogenase]] CII.[[succinate dehydrogenase]] CII.)
O2k signal line + (The '''O2k signal line''' is underneath th … The '''O2k signal line''' is underneath the [[O2k status line]]. It shows, depending on the [[O2k series]], on the left side the O2k number, the time of the experiment, the oxygen raw signal of each chamber, the [[block temperature]], the [[barometric pressure]], the Peltier power, the recorded amperometric and potentiometric raw signal, the enviromental (room) temperature and the signal from internal sensors recording the humidity and temperature of the electronics. On the right side of the O2k signal line the current [[User code - DatLab|user]], the DatLab version and the [[O2k serial number]] are displayed.[[O2k serial number]] are displayed.)
O2k-Accessory Box + (The '''O2k-Accessory Box''' contains components of the [[POS-Service Kit]] and the [[O2k-Assembly Kit]] and is shipped with the O2k.)